Which of the following products are commonly associated with staining of teeth, tongue, and tooth-colored restorations?

The correct response highlights that all of the listed products are linked to staining in various oral tissues and dental restorations.

Chlorhexidine is a well-known antimicrobial mouthwash primarily used to reduce bacterial plaque and gingivitis. However, it is notorious for causing brown staining on the teeth, tongue, and oral mucosa with prolonged use due to the accumulation of pigments in plaque and calculus.

Stannous fluoride, often included in fluoride varnishes and gels, can also lead to discoloration of the teeth. This is due to the stannous ion's interaction with the dental structure, potentially resulting in staining and even tarnishing of tooth-colored restorations, particularly if the fluoride is not adequately rinsed or if it interacts with materials of variable compositions.

Crest Pro-Health is a toothpaste line that includes agents for cavity protection, gingivitis prevention, and plaque control. Certain formulations may contain stannous fluoride or ingredients that can contribute to staining over time or upon repeated use.

By acknowledging that all these products can lead to staining, it becomes clear that users need to be aware of their application and any associated aesthetic side effects when integrating these agents into their oral hygiene routines.