Which are the two main components of dental plaque?

The main components of dental plaque are bacteria and the extracellular matrix. Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms on teeth and consists predominantly of a diverse array of bacteria. These bacteria adhere to the tooth surface, contributing to the plaque's overall structure and function.

The extracellular matrix is a critical element of plaque as it provides a framework that supports the bacteria. It is composed of various substances, including polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and lipids, that not only help bind the bacteria together but also serve as a protective layer. This matrix plays an essential role in the biofilm's development and stability, allowing it to resist removal from the tooth surface and the antimicrobial effects of saliva and other oral hygiene practices.

By understanding these components, one can appreciate how dental plaque forms and the significance of effective oral hygiene in managing and preventing plaque accumulation, which can lead to dental caries and periodontal disease.