What is the recommended concentration of fluoride for topical application in children?

The recommended concentration of fluoride for topical application in children is 1.23% fluoride gel or solution. This concentration has shown effective results in caries prevention, particularly in high-risk populations. The 1.23% fluoride formula is typically used in professional applications, such as varnishes or gels, because it provides a significant protective benefit against tooth decay while maintaining a favorable safety profile when used appropriately.

Using a concentration above this level, such as the 2% fluoride antibacterial rinse, is not routinely recommended for children due to potential issues with fluoride ingestion and toxicity, particularly when children may be unable to spit properly. Likewise, lower concentrations like 0.5% or 0.75% may not provide the same level of caries prevention effectiveness as the 1.23% concentration. Therefore, the selection of 1.23% fluoride gel or solution aligns with guidelines set forth by dental organizations for pediatric patients needing professional fluoride treatment.