What can result from an imbalance in the oral microbiome?

An imbalance in the oral microbiome can lead to an increased risk of caries and periodontal disease due to the disruption of the natural balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria in the mouth. The oral microbiome consists of a complex community of microorganisms that coexist in a dynamic equilibrium, playing a crucial role in maintaining oral health.

When this balance is disturbed—often due to factors such as poor oral hygiene, a high-sugar diet, smoking, or certain systemic health conditions—it allows pathogenic bacteria to proliferate, which can produce acids resulting in tooth demineralization (caries) and contribute to the inflammatory processes that cause periodontal disease.

In contrast, improved oral hygiene typically promotes a healthier microbiome, which reduces the risk of dental issues, and enhanced taste perception is not directly influenced by microbiome imbalances. Thus, the presence of beneficial bacteria is essential for oral health, making the connection to increased risks of caries and periodontal disease a significant outcome of an unbalanced oral microbiome.